Training the Endurance Athlete 

By Michael Boyle

Training endurance athletes can be a goldmine for personal trainers and strength coaches if you can understand their mentality. Truth is endurance athletes have a lot of qualities that make them desirable clients. They are generally motivated, in need of help and often affluent. In fact, triathletes, runners and rowers far outnumber team sport athletes in the adult population.

The first question you need to ask yourself in order to understand the endurance athlete is "Why are they an endurance athlete?". The answer generally comes in one of four parts.

1. Genetic predisposition- they've always been good at endurance activity
2. Mental predisposition- they've always been a type A personality.
3. Endurance training provides a competitive outlet into adulthood.
4. A combination of 1, 2, and 3

You might ask yourself "Does it matter why they are an endurance athlete?". It does matter because personality characteristics and genetic predisposition are at first a positive but, can rapidly become a negative. High levels of motivation and drive can initially produce great results. However often they also produce injuries. I believe that what makes you train hard also makes you train hurt. 
The truth is that endurance training probably isn't good for you. However, no endurance athlete wants to hear that. This is what they do and they are not about to change because you or I think the risk of injury is too high. So if you can't change them you might as well help them. If you can't beat em, train em. 
In order to train the endurance athlete you need to understand how he or she thinks. This involves something I have decided to call The Endurance Cycle. The cycle is illustrated below. 

The Endurance Cycle
-Train---> Injury---> Rehab/PT---->
-Train---> Injury---> Rehab/PT---->
-Train---> Injury---> Rehab/PT---->
-Train---> Injury---> Rehab/PT---->

The cycle is simple. Train hard until you get hurt. Call your PT (who by now is like a family friend) rest and repeat. This is so prevalent that I have coined another term "The Endurance Conversation". This is a typical conversation overheard between two endurance athletes. 

Endurance athlete 1 Question- "Are you training or injured?"
Endurance athlete 2 Answer - " Well I just got over _ _ _ it is and I've being running in the pool.."

To you or I, this may seem like a strange conversation but, between two endurance athletes. This is a "how's the weather conversation?". Endurance athletes view injury as a reasonable expectation and are not surprised when it happens. In fact, my theory is that the entire physical therapy profession owes a great debt to the early aerobic proponents of the seventies. As a kid growing up playing sports I had never heard of a physical therapist. Physical therapists were put on the map by endurance athletes and their "itises". Endurance athletes fueled the physical therapy boom and today they continue to provide some of physical therapies best patients. To be honest, PT's love these guys. They are like crack addicts to them. 
Another thing that has become very common in the endurance world is the revolving door of what I like to call "The Injury Progression". The injury progression is illustrated below. 

The Injury Progression- The Three I's
- Ingestion- oral anti-inflammatories, no change in training
- Injection- anti-inflammatories like cortisone, no change in training
- Incision- surgery, the "lets take a look" conversation. This is followed by a mandatory long layoff.
I like to call these the three "I's" of endurance athletes because not only are the endurance athletes the PT's best friend, they may also be the orthopedic surgeons best source of income. 
When dealing with endurance athletes the truth may be hard to tell them and even harder for them to accept. The truth is that all non-traumatic injuries are training related. All "itises" are overuse. If you didn't fall off something or get hit by something you did something wrong in training. Again, talk to an endurance athlete. Rarely will they admit they just plain did too much too soon. Instead, they will blame their shoes or some other inanimate object.

Helping the Endurance Athlete- Pain Site- Pain Source?
The way our medical system is structured makes dealing with overuse injuries very difficult. Most doctors are trained in what I would call the "trauma model". They are used to repairing a dislocated shoulder or reconstructing a damaged knee. Injuries like these are generally the result of an outside trauma applied to the joint. With the endurance athlete the pain develops over time, often as a result of a problem far removed from the site of the pain. Our current sportsmedicine system is still attempting to apply the trauma model to the overuse injury with limited success. The solution for most endurance athletes is usually far removed from the point of pain. Poor glute function can make the front of the hip hurt, foot and ankle problems can cause knee, back and hip problems. In the trauma model we use the three I's to attack the pain site. 

This results in lots of preventable knee , hip and back surgeries. With endurance athletes you need to understand that pain is often felt at the attachment points like the patella tendon and Achilles tendon but, the stress may be coming from somewhere else. We illustrate this for our athletes with a simple band example. Place a long elastic band around the athlete's neck and pull gently. Ask the athlete or client what they feel. What they feel will be pressure on the back of the neck. Now simply release the band. Voila, the pain is gone. A pain in the neck disappears by letting go of a band being pulled from in front of the face. What does this tell us? This example shows why we should treat the pain source versus the pain site. The big key in training an endurance athlete is to figure where the pain is coming from. Where it hurts is obvious but, if they did not get hit, chances are the pain site and the pain source are separated by at least a foot's distance. 

Reality Therapy 
Reality therapy for an endurance athlete is tough but necessary. The first thing I tell an injured endurance athlete it that the question "Does It Hurt?" is a yes/ no question. Any answer other than no is a yes. Things like "it loosens up after a while", "Not if I warm-up properly", "Only at the end of my run/bike/swim" are all yes answers and indications that something is wrong. It is amazing how may "speed limpers" I see as I drive. You know the ones I mean. The speed limper has a knee brace on, an altered gait and is limping down the road. This is another type A on the road to surgery. You will never get better if you run ( or bike or swim) with pain. This is the reality therapy so necessary with endurance athletes. If it hurts, don't do it. The truth is you will never change an endurance athletes' personality but, you may be able to change the way they train. 

Time and Money 
A very wise man once told me that you are going to spend time and money on your health. What the endurance athlete needs to understand is that it's up to them to decide how and when. An endurance athlete can pay for a strength coach or personal trainer to help them develop a training program or they can pay for physical therapy after the injury. They can take a small layoff before something becomes a major issue or they can take six weeks off after surgery. Healthy or hurt, they get to decide. As the old saying goes, "there is no such thing as a free lunch". Speed limping eventually is done at a price of both time and money. Another wise man once told me that an athlete who seeks to coach himself has a fool for a client. 

Making Changes
If I could make one change in every endurance athletes training program it would be to add more interval training. Endurance athletes love their long, slow, distance work. However interval training develops aerobic capacity better than aerobic training. I know that doesn't make sense but, it's a fact. Research has told us for years that the fastest way to raise VO2 max, the standard measure of aerobic fitness, is through interval training not conventional aerobic training. In fact, a recent (2006) study from McMaster University in Canada illustrated this beyond a shadow of a doubt. The study compared twenty minutes of interval training ( 30 sec sprint/ 4 min rest) with 90-120 minutes in the " target heartrate zone". The results showed the same improvement in oxygen utilization. If you could get the same benefit from 1 hour a week why run 4.5 to 6 hours a week? 
The unfortunate truth is that too much steady state work yields too little benefit and too many injuries. If this is the case then why do endurance athletes continue to do large volumes of steady state work? There are three possible reasons.
1- Because they are good at it
2- Because it's easy to do.
3- Because everyone has always told them they need to "build a base".

In reality many endurance athletes avoid interval training because it is much harder. It's easy to throw on the shoes and do the same run you have done one thousand times before or jump on the bike for the same ride. However, that does not make it the best way to train. 
If I could make two more changes I would get my endurance athletes to buy a foam roller and begin to work on tissue quality. Most endurance athletes' bodies are a mess of trigger points and other overuse injuries just waiting to happen. Regular soft tissue work, followed by regular stretching would be time much better spent than logging more and more miles. The key to understanding foam rolling and stretching is in understanding the qualities of muscle tissue. Muscle tissue does not just get short, it also gets dense. Dense tissue must be manipulated ( rolled or massaged) prior to stretching to get maximum effect. In fact, stretching without rolling is like pulling on a knot in a shoelace. It only gets tighter. 
The last and maybe the most critical change would be to get our endurance athletes on a strength program. For an endurance athlete two days a week of well designed strength work can be life changing. The key as a strength coach or personal trainer is to realize that the endurance athlete views strength training like going to the dentist. They will not look forward to it. Keep the program brief and simple. Think about we have called The Joint by Joint Approach. Create mobile ankles, hips, and thoracic spine through proper mobility work in the pre-workout warm-up. Work to stabilize the knees and lumbar spine through a proper core and lower body program. Keep strength work specific. Work on single leg exercises primarily. Also remember, lower body lifting is key. Do't fall into the "running is enough for my lower body" trap. This could not be further from the truth. I would rather see an endurance athlete neglect the upper body than the lower body. 

Parting Advice
A word of caution. Even if you agree, change slowly. Add one interval training session a week. Buy a roller. Add some stretching. Start a strength program. Think about time spent versus potential benefit? Don't work on strengths. Think about volume versus intensity, quantity or quality. The key for an endurance athlete is not in the quantity of what they do but, rather in the quality.

Bibliography 
Gibala, M Journal of Physiology, "Short Term Sprint Interval Versus Traditional Endurance Training: Similar Initial Adaptations in Human Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Performance Sept 2006, Vol 575 Issue 3 To view full text go to jp.physoc.org/cgi/content/full/575/3/901

The Five Pillars of Training by Dan John

I always joke that the coach who trains himself has an idiot for a client. I was self-coached for years. So, if you studied math or logic, I fully admit I am an idiot. The problem with self-coaching is that it is so hard to study the person in the mirror and see the whole picture. Sure, you can look over your shoulder, but the reflection is going to be twisted.

 

Friends can help. John Price used to remind me daily that “you are only as strong as your weakest link” and we would search and seek them out. Every preseason, I would chart out my weak points and note them. Then, I would ignore them.

 

Hiring a personal trainer gave me the great insight: I simply don’t have enough energy or free will to work on my weak points in favor of not only what I like to do, but what I am good at doing.

 

I’m not alone.

 

As I saw my own success improve under the guiding hands of others, I came to these simple conclusions about success in training.

 

The Five Pillars of Successful Training

 

Proactive, not reactive

 

As important as movement is in embracing fitness, a few minutes of planning each meal for the upcoming days is just as valuable. Therefore, we will take a few minutes each workout to “X” out those upcoming parties, festivities and general dietary disasters that await us each week. Our goal will be to face these events with a body full of clear water and clean food. “Thou shalt not go to a all you can eat dessert bar with a hungry belly!”

 

Also, a review of the food journal of the past week will give some clues about how to deal with upcoming events. Remember, the more honest you are in your food journal, the more success you have on your journey towards your goals. It is tempting to write “Small Salad with an apple” versus “Two pizzas,” but, long term, success rises with honesty.

 

Master my movements

 

There are basic human movements (Push, Pull, Hinge, Squat, Loaded Carries, and “Floor” work) and life demands that we use these daily and, hopefully, more often than that, too! All the terms tossed around in the fitness community from flexibility and mobility to cardio and core spin around the basic concept of “movement.” Mastery of movements brings back the spring and joy of youthful play.

 

“Practice will make you good at anything you do. And…we are practicing all the time.” George Leonard

 

Strength is the glass

 

When in doubt, get stronger. Absolute strength is the master quality. Imagine a large glass and a small glass, like a shot glass. Absolute strength is the glass and every other quality (mobility, flexibility, cardio and all the glorious rest) is the liquid. The bigger the glass the more liquid you can hold.

 

If you or your client has a tiny glass, you need to keep an eye on every calorie, every nibble. But, If you have a pitcher, you can enjoy an occasional good time and know that the large load that you have will have to deal with in the gym is going to strangle those extra calories. If there is a truth in training it is this: the stronger you are the easier it is to achieve all your other goals.

 

Not now, later

 

Never say never. Cookies, cake, beer and bagels are not “off” your low carb diet. It’s just “not now” time. Experience teaches us this: if I tell you that all your dreams will come true if you simply stop eating rutabagas, I promise you I know what is going to happen next. I’m not a prophet; I am a coach. You may have never eaten a rutabaga in your life, but from now on, you are going to crave, demand and insist upon rutabagas. Change rutabagas to anything you like but know this truth about human nature: not now, later.

 

Whatever it is that you need to put off in terms of diet, time or short-term pain and discomfort, you need to remind yourself that “soon and very soon,” you can submit yourself to a virtual orgy of feasting. The funny thing is this: that day may never come as you realize that this temptress has long been forgotten.

 

Celebrate Success

 

If there is a forgotten art in the fitness industry, it is taking a moment to enjoy achieving any and all goals. Now, I am the biggest sinner of all when it comes to this point, but please learn from my mistakes here: celebrate any and all successes. Now, it is true that in some elementary schools we tend to go far overboard with any and all achievements. Simple goals need at least a moment of congratulations or a small ceremony of ritual. If I could do it all again, I would have celebrated every minor victory and every tiny win.

 

Dance and sing with every success as you go through the arduous challenge of training yourself to and from health and fitness. Enjoy!

23 Surprising Weight-Loss Tips That Are Actually Doable

RIP elimination diets, quick fixes, and detoxes.

There’s no shortage of advice on how to lose weight. The thing is that a lot of it is about “dieting” — which often means eliminating certain foods or food groups, restricting calories, and working out to “make up for” what you ate.

But there are plenty of people who have a goal to lose weight and want to know how to do it in a way that doesn’t feel too extreme or punishing.

We asked some health and fitness experts — registered dietitians, nutritionists, and personal trainers — for their best advice on doable, sustainable, weight loss effort that won’t make you feel sad and hangry.

1. Whatever you do, don’t do a detox or cleanse.

“They can potentially wreak havoc on your body and be very unhealthy. Be wary of products that promote weight loss after a ‘7-day detoxification’ or a ‘30-day colon cleanse.’ Marketers strategically construct these products and sell people on the notion that they’ll somehow become healthier, thinner, happier, and more attractive after using such products.

My overarching mantra: A consistently healthy, well-balanced diet is the best ‘cleanse.’”

—Nita Sharda, RD, owner of Carrots and Cake Balanced Nutrition Consulting

2. Don’t make any food off-limits.

“When a food is off-limits it becomes MUCH more appealing. And if guilt is involved and you do end up eating that food, the screw-it-I’ve-already-had-a-bite-and-ruined-everything-so-I’m-going-to-eat-the-entire-batch mentality appears.

Instead, give yourself permission to get pleasure from food. Just make sure you’re enjoying treats mindfully because you really want them, rather than just because they are there.”

—Anne Mauney, MPH, RD, dietitian blogger at fANNEtasticfood.com and co-author of the Joyful Eating, Nourished Life program.

3. Commit to making just one meal a bit healthier.

“I often work with clients who want to do everything all at once. That works for some people, but most people need to start with just one thing. Ask yourself: ‘What’s the meal that will have the biggest impact if I change it?’ And start there.

Breakfast is usually the easiest to change because most people are skipping it or grabbing something that’s not super healthy out of convenience. The simplest way to change it is to make sure you’re getting a balance of protein, fat, and carbs. A couple whole eggs will give you your protein and fat. Add a piece of fruit or a half cup of roasted potatoes to give you some healthy carbs.”

—Erica Giovinazzo, MS, RD, Head Coach and Nutritionist, Brick Los Angeles

4. When it comes to starting (or returning to) exercise, less is more.

“This means: 1. Don’t go right into doing extreme workouts and 2. Set yourself up for success by making sure you can hit the gym twice per week regularly for three to four weeks before you say you’re going to go four to five times per week.

Once you prove to yourself that you can go twice per week, then go to a three-day per week schedule, and again make sure you can do that regularly for about a month before going for four days per week. This way, you’re doing things more gradually and setting yourself up for success.”

—Nick Tumminello, owner of Performance University International in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, and author of Strength Training for Fat Loss

5. Make eating out a thing you do for special (and special-ish) occasions.

“Cooking at home means more fresh food that, generally speaking, will be more nutritious and far lower in calories than what you’re ordering when you go out. If you master batch meal prep and one-pan meals, you can easily put together delicious, healthy meals you’ll look forward to eating. When you have something to celebrate (like that it’s finally the weekend), go out and enjoy your special meal.”

—Danielle Omar, MS, RD, nutrition consultant and founder of foodconfidence.com

Here’s a step-by-step guide with recipes for a week’s worth of dinners you can batch prepare and here are some one-pan and one-pot recipes to try out.

6. Keep a to-do list where your workouts are top priority, unmissable items.

“To-do lists tend to have a combo of ‘must-do’ and ‘hope-to-do’ items. I find the most effective way to ensure I get my workout in is to list what I intend to do (i.e. 4:30 p.m. SLT class, 30 minutes run/walk on the treadmill in my building, etc.) at the top of the daily list as a priority, must-do, the-day-isn’t-over-till-this-happens item.

I’ve found that making the small mental adjustment of thinking of your workout as something you plan to do vs. something you hope to do is the difference between doing it and bailing.”

—Amanda Freeman, Founder/CEO, SLT

7. Try not to make all your work breaks snack-based.

“Lots of people like to take a break from work by getting up to grab a snack, not necessarily because they feel hungry but just because they need to step away from their desk for a bit. Instead of eating when you’re not hungry, get up, have some water, and say hello to a co-worker on the way back. You’ll de-stress and forget about the snack you didn’t really want in the first place.”

—Albert Matheny, MS, RD, CSCSC co-founder of SoHo Strength Lab and advisor to Promix Nutrition.

8. And work on being more mindful in general about your snacking.

“Start by examining what benefit snacking offers you: Is it a distraction? A hit of excitement or pleasure? Are you afraid of feeling hungry? If you’re snacking for reasons other than being hungry and/or snacking on processed foods that add lots of calories with little nutrition, consider rethinking what you’re munching on. More mindful snacking will not only eliminate extra calories but will help your body get back into the habit of eating because you feel hungry and stopping because you feel full.

Start by tweaking one snack per day — preferably that one you have because you’re bored or because you can’t believe there are four more hours left in the work day. You can try skipping it altogether, but if that sounds like torture, just try to make it a bit more healthful by swapping out your usual processed snack or sugar-packed energy bar for fruit and nuts or some other whole foods option.”

—Jessi Kneeland, Health and Empowerment Coach

Get started with these great snacks.

9. Aim to make water your go-to beverage.

“Try swapping out at least one sugary drink (soda, juice, sweetened coffee drinks, etc.) per day with water (or fruit-infused water or unsweetened flavored seltzer to keep things more interesting). As you get used to having more water and fewer sugary drinks, keep making the swap until water is your primary go-to drink throughout the day. Bonus: It’ll help digestion and make you feel great.”

—Anowa Adjah, owner and CEO of Powerhouse Physiques

10. Get into strength training.

“Cardio tends to get all of the praise, but strength training helps you build lean muscle, which in turn increases your metabolism and ability to burn calories. If you really want to see results, be sure to include a few days of strength training into your weekly mix!”

—Tracy Carlinsky, founder of Brooklyn Bodyburn

11. Spend time around people who are seriously hell-bent on achieving their goals.

“Be courageous and join a community of people who have similar goals and then crush them together! When you don’t have people holding you accountable, It’s easy to ghost — to set a goal and keep it a secret, so when you don’t accomplish it, no one really knows and it’s like you never set it in the first place.

But having a team of people who want what you want will inspire you to keep SHOWING UP when the going gets tough.”

—Braxton Rose, instructor at Lyons Den Power Yoga

12. Learn about serving sizes and figure out how much you’re actually eating.

“Because most people don’t really know how much they eat throughout the day and where that puts them calorie-wise, we generally end up eating more than we want or expect. It’s helpful to measure your food so you can have a better appreciation for how much food you’re actually eating. This doesn’t have to be a forever kind of thing; measuring food can be tedious. Just do it for a day or two to get a sense of how much you’re actually eating.

As an example, what people think is a tablespoon of peanut butter (by eye-balling) ends up being two (if not) more tablespoons. When you start to measure your food and begin to understand what a 1/2 cup of oatmeal or four ounces of beef actually looks like, it becomes readily apparent how much you’ve been OVERestimating your food intake.”

—Tony Gentilcore, Boston-based personal trainer and fitness coach

13. Invest in some fly AF workout gear.

“Buy a new pair of running shoes or workout gear. It may seem trivial, but as the Hollywood saying goes, ‘if you dress the part, you’ll feel the part.’ It’ll be just the motivation you need to hit the pavement.”

—Toni Carey, RRCA-certified running coach and co-founder of Black Girls RUN!

14. Create a morning routine that will set you up for a day of healthy choices.

“How you start your day plays a critical role in your healthy eating and fitness efforts. My advice is to invest some time into creating a healthy morning routine that will set you up to make thoughtful, healthy choices all day long. Always set healthy intentions in the a.m., reminding yourself that eating well and exercise are forms of self-love.

Give yourself an extra 15 minutes in the morning to cultivate a practice that makes you feel good and ready to tackle the day. It could be as simple as drinking a warm cup of ginger tea and doing five minutes of stretches or deep breathing. Or, if you want to focus more on mindfulness, consider spending a few minutes meditating or reading a passage from an inspirational book (I love Everyday Osho: 365 Meditations for the Here and Now).”

—Jessica Jones, MS, RD, CDE, of Food Heaven Made Easy and the author of the 28-Day Plant-Powered Health Reboot

15. Eat a serving of green vegetables three times a day.

“They are low in calories and high in fiber and other nutrients. They’ll add bulk to your meal, helping you feel full, while giving your cells the nutrients needed to function at your best.”

—Jeanette Jenkins, The Hollywood Trainer

16. Add minimally processed plant-based foods to your diet.

“It’s pretty clear, nearly everyone in America isn’t eating enough vegetables, fruits, beans, and whole grains. These foods offer the most nutrition, help us feel satisfied, and displace some of the other less nutritious options. Plus, eating more plants is a positive step for the environment and animals. And when we make behavioral decisions that influence the greater good, we’re more likely to feel motivation to continue them long-term.”

—Ryan Andrews, RD, Coach at Precision Nutrition

Here are a bunch of ways to get more fruits and vegetables into your diet. And also try out these tips and hacks for making more healthy, whole foods meals.

17. Make it so that if you want sugary stuff or packaged snacks, you have to really go out of your way to get them.

“The truth is, we’ll eat whatever we make convenient. If we make junk food convenient, we’ll eat junk food. If we make delicious, natural, minimally processed foods convenient, we’ll eat those instead. We don’t have to be disciplined all the time, we only have to be disciplined the one hour per week we go food shopping.”

—Rob Sulaver, Founder & CEO of Bandana Training and Founding Trainer of Rumble Boxing

Here are some better-for-you snacks to keep around the house.

18. Instead of setting goals for how you want to look, set goals for how strong, fast, or fit you want to feel.

“It has always been a lot easier for me to stick to a fitness program when I base my goals on strength or conditioning rather than physical goals. I keep a workout journal to track the metrics so that I know exactly what progress I’ve made. This kind of progress tracking keeps me motivated!”

—Noelle Nieva, CrossFit coach and licensed massage therapist, Brooklyn Body Shop

19. Eat more fat!

“This may sound counter intuitive but when trying to lose weight, many people make the mistake of cutting fat from their diet, which can leave them feeling super hungry, cranky, and less likely to stick to the plan long-term (which is key!). Adding in healthy fats boosts satiation and keeps you from noshing on simple carbs and sugar, or giving up too soon.

Try to incorporate healthy fat throughout the day. I like to start my day with an avocado-filled green smoothie, throw nuts on my salad for lunch, and 
sip on a mid-afternoon turmeric latte.”

—Liz Moody, healthy food blogger and founder of Sprouted Routes

20. Get some coaching.

“Find a qualified, experienced, caring, emphatic professional and let them help you find your next steps; habits and practices that’ll work within the context of your real, probably complicated, probably over committed life.

The truth is, there’s no one simple trick that will work for every person, in every culture, in every life situation. So run away, fast, from someone who tells you otherwise. While you’re at it, run towards people that can provide guidance, support, and accountability. They’ll save you years of false starts, frustration, and disappointment.”

—John Berardi, PhD, CSCS, co-founder, Precision Nutrition

21. Bring healthier but delicious stuff to get-togethers.

“Trying to lose weight or eat more healthily shouldn’t have to mean skipping potlucks, dinner parties, game nights, and other fun food-based socializing. One ridiculously simple thing you can do to be a little healthier and still be social? Bring the vegetables. Pretty basic, right? Instead of focusing on what you “shouldn’t eat,” focus on all the delicious, fresh, and healthy food that you can eat, and do everyone a favor by bringing it to the table. Here are some of my favorite festive recipes that are easy to make, share, and tasty AF.”

—Wendy Lopez, MS, RD, of Food Heaven Made Easy and author of the 28-Day Plant-Powered Health Reboot

22. Say buh-bye to the whole idea of perfection.

“Think of ‘fail’ as ‘F.A.I.L.,’ an acronym that stands for ‘first attempt in learning.’ The quickest way to torpedo your efforts to be healthier is to expect perfection and then be crushed when that (inevitably) doesn’t happen. Try to tweak your approach to lifestyle changes from ‘winning’ to ‘learning,’ where missteps are just an opportunity to evaluate what went wrong and do something different next time. If you take what you learned and use it to readjust your goal, you’ll be working with realistic goals you can actually achieve.”

—Ben Sit, RD, president of Evolved Sport and Nutrition

23. Finally, check in with yourself about whether this new eating plan will make you happier.

“If the answer is no, look for something else that does sound doable and enjoyable for you personally. If you’re unhappy on a diet, you won’t stick with it, but if a healthy eating lifestyle feels natural and comfortable with your preferred habits and routines, you’ll be more able to maintain it in the long run, which is the only way to lose weight and keep it off.”

—Amelia Winslow, MS, MPH, nutritionist and founder of Eating Made Easy